Sparknotes metamorphosis
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Gregor's mother concludes that he must be ill when neither she nor his father are able to get him to unlock his bedroom door and leave for work.Īt 7:15am, Gregor's manager arrives at the apartment.
SPARKNOTES METAMORPHOSIS HOW TO
However, he has great difficulty working out how to get off his back and get his insect body out of bed. Nevertheless, he is till determined to get up and go to work. Gregor notices that he has overslept and missed his five o'clock train. He finds that his bedroom has not changed and is still a room for a human being, complete with the picture on the wall of a woman in a fur coat which he had recently cut out of a magazine. At first, he is unsure whether the transformation is real or imaginary, whether it is permanent or temporary and whether or not other people will find it strange. The novella begins when Gregor Samsa awakes and finds that he has changed into an enormous bug. Gregor has been saving up to send her to music school and plans to announce this on Christmas Eve. Gregor's sister Grete enjoys playing the violin. Gregor's mother suffers from asthma and finds any physical exertion difficult. Since then, he has gained weight and can now most often be seen sleeping in an armchair. Gregor's father has not worked since his business failed five years ago.
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However, even after the money which the Samsas owe the manager has been deducted, Gregor's wages are enough for the entire family to live on comfortably and they have no other regular source of income.
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Gregor's parents owe money to his manager and it will take him another five or six years to clear their debts. He does not like his job very much but feels that he has to stay in it for at least another five years. Gregor Samsa is a young man who shares an apartment with his parents and his seventeen-year-old sister Grete. An opera based on the 1969 stage adaptation was performed in 1983.įront cover of a 1916 German edition of the novella. The novella was adapted for the stage in 19. A sixty-minute Russian language film version was released in 2002 and a feature-length English language film version was released in 2012. Short films based on Metamorphosis were released in 1975, 1977, 19. The horror with which others react to the transformed Gregor could conceivably be a reaction to his strange behavior, the odd noises which he makes and, later in the novella, his filthy appearance. A possible reading is that Gregor Samsa has not really changed into an insect but is merely suffering from the delusion that he has. The cause of Gregor's metamorphosis is not revealed. The transformation in Gregor also forces the rest of his family to change, Not only do they have to cope with living with a family member whom they now consider to be disgusting and an embarrassment, they also have to find ways to compensate for the loss of Gregor's income, which they had come to rely on exclusively. Gregor has to come to terms with his new body and the new life which comes along with it, although he continues to try to cling on to his humanity. The plot is set in motion when the protagonist Gregor Samsa (a traveling salesman who lives with his parents and younger sister) finds that he has been transformed into a gigantic insect. Metamorphosis (German: Die Verwandlung also published in English as The Metamorphosis and The Transformation) is a novella by the German-speaking Czech author Franz Kafka. As the story closes, the members of Gregor’s family have been transformed to the point where they “discussed their prospects and found that on closer examination they were not at all bad – until then they had never asked each other about their work but all three had jobs which were very good and held particularly good promise for the future” (Kafka 2003).Front cover of an edition of Metamorphosis and Other Stories, published by Penguin Books in the UK in 1965. What does matter is that both Gregor’s physical transformation and Grete’s psychological transformation join together to have the ultimate effect of altering the very foundation of the family. In fact, Grete cannot do much more for him and certainly not enough to bring him back to a state of humanity, which is just as well since it wouldn’t really matter. Grete’s transformation results from the “romantic enthusiasm of girls her age, which seeks to indulge itself at every opportunity, played a part, by tempting her to make Gregor’s situation even more terrifying in order that she might do even more for him” (Kakfa 2003). This theme is explored by the rise of his sister from a similar buglike status to a force of will as a result of Gregor’s condition. As a human he gave into the demands of society and his family. Gregor’s transformation into a bug is merely a symbolic one that underlines his life as a bug.